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Year : 2016  |  Volume : 5  |  Issue : 1  |  Page : 63-64

Comparative lipid profile of Type 2 obese diabetics and obese nondiabetics: A hospital based study from hilly terrains of Mandi, Himachal Pradesh


1 Department of Rasashastra and Bhaishajya Kalpana, Abhilashi Ayurvedic College and Research Institute, Abhilashi University, Mandi, Himachal Pradesh, India
2 Department of Basic Principles, Parul Institute of Ayurveda, Vadodara, Gujarat, India
3 Department of Rasashastra and Bhaishajya Kalpana, Institute for Post Graduate Teaching and Research in Ayurveda, Gujarat Ayurved University, Jamnagar, Gujarat, India

Date of Web Publication13-Jan-2016

Correspondence Address:
Rohit Sharma
Department of Rasashastra and Bhaishajya Kalpana, Abhilashi Ayurvedic College and Research Institute, Abhilashi University, Chail Chowk, Mandi - 175 028, Himachal Pradesh
India
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Source of Support: None, Conflict of Interest: None


DOI: 10.4103/2278-344X.173876

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How to cite this article:
Sharma R, Amin H, Kumar PP. Comparative lipid profile of Type 2 obese diabetics and obese nondiabetics: A hospital based study from hilly terrains of Mandi, Himachal Pradesh. Int J Health Allied Sci 2016;5:63-4

How to cite this URL:
Sharma R, Amin H, Kumar PP. Comparative lipid profile of Type 2 obese diabetics and obese nondiabetics: A hospital based study from hilly terrains of Mandi, Himachal Pradesh. Int J Health Allied Sci [serial online] 2016 [cited 2024 Mar 29];5:63-4. Available from: https://www.ijhas.in/text.asp?2016/5/1/63/173876

Sir,

Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is an independent risk factor for coronary artery disease, and risk of coronary disease is 3- to 4-fold increased in patients with diabetes compared with a nondiabetic population,[1],[2],[3] and 60–80% of T2DM patients are obese.[4] The pathophysiological pathways linking obesity and T2DM is ascertained across numerous studies in different populations.[5],[6],[7] Dyslipidemia, for which body mass index (BMI) is a relatively accurate surrogate, has been linked to profound endocrine changes related to T2DM.[8] Beside T2DM, obese people are at increased risk of coronary artery disease, and hypertension.[8],[9],[10]

Mandi region is located in the North-Western Himalayan range of Himachal Pradesh. Reports on lipid profile and co-morbidity of diabetes and obesity as a risk factor for cardiovascular diseases among the diabetic population in Mandi are lacking. This study was therefore conducted to examine the lipid profile in obese T2DM patients and obese control group to correlate coronary heart disease with dyslipidemia among residents of Mandi. The present study was conducted in under-graduate teaching and research hospital of Abhilashi University, Mandi, from January 1, 2015 to July 7, 2015. The study was conducted to assess the lipid profile in randomly selected 102 T2DM patients associated with obesity and 68 obese age- and sex-matched controls, residing in urban and rural areas of Jamnagar. Venous blood samples were taken from all the subjects in the morning after fasting overnight. Plasma levels of total cholesterol, triglycerides, high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (HDL-C), and low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (LDL-C) were analyzed. Total cholesterol and triglycerides concentration were determined with the semi-automated enzymatic analyzer. Serum HDL-C level was measured by phospho-tungstate precipitation method.[11] Serum LDL-C was calculated according to computational procedures of Friedewald et al.[12]Inclusion criteria: Known T2DM patients with BMI more than 30 kg/m 2 were included in this study. Exclusion criteria included pregnancy, chronic infectious disease, heart failure, renal failure, and drug allergy (confirmed from the subject's personal physician report and a detailed). Ethical approval for the study was taken from the Institutional Research Ethical Committee. The obtained data was analyzed statistically using IBM SPSS statistics software version 22.0 (IBM Corp., Armonk, NY, USA, Released 2013); t-test was used to observe the relationship between different variables, and the significance level was set at P < 0.05. The obtained results were interpreted as: P < 0.001 as highly significant, P < 0.05 or P < 0.01 as significant, and P < 0.10 as insignificant.

The mean ± standard deviation (SD) age (years) of diabetic patients with obesity was 53.42 ± 2.10 while the mean ± SD age of control was 50.37 ± 3.08. Out of 102 patients, 57 (55.88%) were males and 45 (44.11%) were females. Among control subjects, 44 (64.70%) were males and 24 (35.29%) were females. The obtained results (in mean ± SD) were as follows: Total cholesterol (mg/dl) was 229.31 ± 28.06 in obese diabetics and 158.42 ± 37.55 in obese controls. Serum triglyceride (mg/dl) was 201.67 ± 41.28 in obese diabetics and 112.10 ± 27.19 in obese controls. Serum HDL-C (mg/dl) was 35.44 ± 10.68 in obese diabetics and 43.54 ± 14.17 in obese controls. Serum LDL-C (mg/dl) was 151.44 ± 39.10 in obese diabetics and 83.26 ± 31.08 in obese controls. Lipid profile of obese T2DM patients when compared to obese control subjects showed statistically significant increase in the levels of serum total cholesterol (P< 0.001), serum triglycerides (P< 0.001), serum LDL-C (P< 0.001) while serum HDL-C levels did not show statistically significant difference in the two group (P > 0.05). Previous studies have shown similar results as were obtained in our study.[13],[14],[15]

Though the study was of limited sample size, the findings reflect that the obese diabetic individuals have dyslipidemia and are at higher risk to develop cardiovascular diseases. The pathophysiological processes involved in the development of these complications in obese diabetics are well recognized by recent works.[16],[17] Further, well-stratified studies covering larger population are requisite in this direction to identify some potential modifying factors (viz., duration of obesity, body fat distribution, physical activity, diet, and genetics/ethnicity) that make such diabetes-obesity association complex and multifactorial. The present study also proposes to adopt suitable dietary and lifestyle guidelines to arrest or delay the far-reaching ominous complications of Type 2 diabetes.[18],[19]

Financial support and sponsorship

Abhilashi University, Chail Chowk, Mandi, Himachal Pradesh.

Conflicts of interest

There are no conflicts of interest.

 
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Toth PP. Effective management of the type 2 diabetes patient with cardiovascular and renal disease: Secondary prevention strategies after a myocardial infarction. Curr Diabetes Rev 2012;8:219-28.  Back to cited text no. 10
    
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Friedewald WT, Levy RI, Fredrickson DS. Estimation of the concentration of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol in plasma, without use of the preparative ultracentrifuge. Clin Chem 1972;18:499-502.  Back to cited text no. 12
    
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Cohen AM, Fidel J, Cohen B, Furst A, Eisenberg S. Diabetes, blood lipids, lipoproteins, and change of environment: Restudy of the “new immigrant Yemenites” in Israel. Metabolism 1979;28:716-28.  Back to cited text no. 13
    
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Bijlani PK, Shah K, Raheja BS, Krishnaswamy PR. High density lipoprotein cholesterol in diabetes. J Assoc Physicians India 1984;32:309-11.  Back to cited text no. 14
    
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Zargar AH, Wandroo FA, Wadhwa MB, Laway BA, Masoodi SR, Shah NA. Serum lipid profile in non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus associated with obesity. Int J Diabetes Dev Ctries 1995;15:9-13.  Back to cited text no. 15
    
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Gambhir JK, Kaur H, Gambhir DS, Prabhu KM. Lipoprotein (a) as an independent risk factor for coronary artery disease in patients below 40 years of age. Indian Heart J 2000;52:411-5.  Back to cited text no. 16
    
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Yadav NK, Thanpari C, Shrewastwa MK, Mittal RK. Comparison of lipid profile in type-2 obese diabetics and obese non-diabetic individuals. A hospital based study from Western Nepal. Kathmandu Univ Med J (KUMJ) 2012;10:44-7.  Back to cited text no. 17
    
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Sharma R, Prajapati PK. Diet and lifestyle guidelines for diabetes: Evidence based ayurvedic perspective. Rom J Diabetes Nutr Metab Dis 2014;21:335-46.  Back to cited text no. 18
    
19.
Sharma R, Amin H, Prajapati PK. Yoga: As an adjunct therapy to trim down the ayurvedic drug requirement in non insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. Anc Sci Life 2014;33:229-35.  Back to cited text no. 19
    



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